BBC纪录片躯体变形障碍整个纪录片可以免费购买,请访问http://www.thebddfoundation.org/躯体变形障碍的人(BDD)经常隐藏或否认的真实自然的状态。他们会拼命寻求减轻整容外科医生或皮肤科医生之前咨询与心理健康专业人士。他们可能羞于告诉别人他们正在经历什么,由于害怕被认为是徒劳或“疯狂”。BDD可以极其严重的风险升高自我毁灭的想法或行为。这种情况也伴随着各种各样的问题在社会和情感适应复合问题。从技术上讲,BDD是躯体疾病根据精神障碍的诊断与统计手册第四版,文本修订(DSM IV-TR)。它具体包括过度专注于一个或多个物理特性。虽然这种情况都被归类为躯体疾病,它与强迫症共享许多相似之处,个人条件强迫经验症状有关。beplay手机app下载例如,患有BDD可能有冲动反复检查他或她的鼻子看起来在一面镜子。患有BDD困扰了一个虚构的缺陷在外表或夸张的缺陷,其他人似乎无关紧要。 Unique to BDD, the obsession or preoccupation regarding this imaginary or exaggerated defect predominates any other obsession. Even more than with Obsessive Compulsive Disorder, the belief in the defect is very strongly held. Individuals with BDD may believe so strongly in the defect that they can appear virtually delusional. BDD was once thought of as "imagined ugliness" but it is more about perfectionism or, in other words, believing that appearance should be flawless. BDDers may become extraordinarily concerned about most any body part although some are more typical to have issues about than others. The shape of their head, their breasts, their genitals, skin, teeth, nose, and hair are some examples of possible problem areas. Further examples of imagined or exaggerated physical defects include that one's body is disfigured, that one's body has scars or marks, that their body is aging extraordinarily fast, that a body part is too large or too small, or that body parts are asymmetrical. Individuals with BDD also engage in compulsive behaviors that are performed in an attempt to reduce the discomfort aroused by the obsessive belief in a perceived defect in their appearance. People diagnosed with BDD may repetitively seek reassurance from others about their appearance, have multiple surgeries to alter their appearance, or attend many doctor's appointments to address their appearance. Unfortunately, these behaviors typically only serve to reduce the discomfort temporarily. In fact, BDD may become reinforced and worsened because this temporary relief creates a vicious cycle. Over time, individuals with BDD encounter many difficulties due to their strong belief in a defect in their appearance and the associated compulsions done to reduce the discomfort related to the obsession. They may learn to avoid interacting with people due to negative feelings elicited by their belief in the physical defect. Not only do these individuals tend to avoid socializing, their obsessions and compulsions may consume an enormous amount of time, thus, limiting their ability to carry out even common everyday activities such as caring for their home and working. Young people with BDD often cannot function effectively in school or participate in extracurricular activities. It is no surprise that BDDers often are frustrated and anxious as well as depressed. Treatment for BDD is focused upon reducing body-focused obsessions and compulsions, re-structuring erroneous and self-defeating thought patterns, and improving the ability to function in life despite appearance concerns. Addressing the emotional distress of these individuals is also essential. Both psychotherapy and medications may be used in the treatment of BDD. Teaching family members and friends to understand and cope with someone who has BDD is often very helpful, as is attending support groups. However, it needs to be recognized that when BDD is very severe intensive treatment may be the only realistic option. Despite the difficulties presented by BDD there are many who can make improvements in treatment. Sometimes the most important steps are the first- willingness to accept that BDD is the problem and keeping an open mind about therapeutic interventions